Lichens in our Orchard

Lichens, nature’s wonders, stand as a testament to the resilience of life. Among the oldest living organisms, they offer a unique perspective on the quality of the air enveloping our tranquil cottages. Amidst the serene hills, we contemplate whether the air is truly as pure as our hopeful hearts desire. And it is through the lichens that we gain insight into this vital question.

Lichens growing on apple trees near the cottages — *Stags Horn Lichens (Evernia prunastri) growing on apple trees near the cottages. These are quite common on oaks and are used in making perfumes.*

Lichens, remarkable composite organisms resulting from a symbiotic bond between algae or cyanobacteria and various fungi, serve as nature’s indicators of air quality. Their survival hinges upon the presence of pristine air, for when pollutants pervade, lichens dutifully absorb them, leading to their decline. Thus, these resilient organisms act as guardians of environmental purity.

Graciously, the vicinity encircling our cherished cottages boasts an abundance of such pure air. This delightfully pollution-free atmosphere manifests itself through the flourishing growth of lichens adorning our apple trees. Witnessing this symbiotic relationship between lichens and nature fills us with profound joy and reassurance.

Lichens which a child fondly referred to as tree popcorns once — *Parmotrema perlatum lichens, that a child fondly referred to as tree popcorn. These are also used as spices.*

Lichens have various forms and colors. Botanists have various names for these forms but for us, these are simply brush-like lichens, witches’ whiskers, flat lichens, lichens that look like popcorn, and even lichens that look like miniature ferns. In our orchard, the lichens are predominantly light bluish-green in color. Some reddish-brown lichens can also be spotted growing on some rocks. The color is determined by the photosynthetic component present. Depending on the moisture present in the air, they also change their transparency and color to some extent.

Lichens with a brush like form — *Usnea spp. Lichens with a brush-like form*

Are they bad for fruit trees? No. Lichens grow only on the bark and process their own food. The fruit trees are well protected under their bark. However, lichens are slow to establish themselves, and so these are commonly seen on slow-growing old trees. Sometimes people misunderstand these to be causing the slow growth or affecting the health of the tree. Lichens are actually harmless for trees.

Lichens Hanging — *Some lichens love to hang down like threads.*

We do hope that as time passes by, these indicators of air quality will always remain in our orchards and reassure us of the pure air we are able to enjoy.

*Different colored lichens on an old tree*

Lichens possess a multitude of captivating attributes that continue to puzzle scientists, leaving them in awe of their enigmatic nature. One intriguing phenomenon lies in their remarkable interaction with solid rocks, an enigma that awaits explanation. Prepare to be astonished as you delve into the mysteries surrounding this intriguing aspect of lichens’ existence.

Furthermore, some lichens found in our region also hold a place in the realm of culinary delights, serving as treasured spices in traditional cooking methods. Their unique flavors add depth and character to various dishes, making them a cherished ingredient among culinary enthusiasts.

In addition to their culinary applications, certain lichens also boast medicinal properties, further amplifying their significance. These natural wonders offer potential health benefits, adding to their allure and prompting ongoing research to explore their healing potential.

The world of lichens is a treasure trove of fascination, where their interaction with rocks, culinary contributions, and medicinal properties intertwine to captivate the curious minds of scientists and enthusiasts alike.

Lichens are known to grow in the extremes of temperatures, as long as the air is clean. They can also withstand long durations of dry weather and then when the conditions are right, they swell back and become fluffy.

*Acarospora nodulosa lichen on an old pear tree trunk.*

Did you know that lichens have the remarkable ability to slowly chelate rocks? Over time, these fascinating organisms contribute to the gradual breakdown of rocks, leaving their mark on the landscape. In some instances, they even form a protective crust over fragile soils, playing a vital role in soil stabilization.

We invite you to embark on rejuvenating nature walks with us, where you can bask in the invigorating freshness of the air while exploring the wonders of the natural world. Join our knowledgeable guides as they unveil the secrets of nature, including the intriguing relationships lichens forge with their surroundings. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding and appreciation for the intricate web of life that surrounds us.